AV node ablation

Date Updated: 03/11/2022

Overview

AV (atrioventricular) node ablation is a treatment for an irregularly fast and disorganized heartbeat called atrial fibrillation. It uses heat (radiofrequency) energy to destroy a small amount of tissue between the upper and lower chambers of the heart (AV node).

If you have AV node ablation, you will need a permanent device implanted to control your heart rhythm (pacemaker).

Why it's done

Your health care provider may recommend AV node ablation if you have atrial fibrillation that hasn't improved with medication or other treatments. It's generally considered the last option because it requires the placement of a pacemaker.

What you can expect

Before the procedure

Your health care provider will order several tests to check your heart health. Your care provider will tell you how to prepare and what to bring to the hospital.

After an AV node ablation, a pacemaker is necessary for proper heart function. You may have this device placed several weeks before your ablation to make sure it is working well, or it may be done the day of your ablation.

During the procedure

Cardiac ablation is done in the hospital. A care provider will insert an IV into your forearm or hand and give you medication to help you relax.

During the procedure, you may be awake, lightly sedated or under general anesthesia (fully asleep), depending on your type of arrhythmia and other health conditions.

The doctor inserts the catheter through a blood vessel, usually in your groin, and into your heart.

Sensors on the tip of the catheter apply heat (radiofrequency energy) to the heart tissue at the AV node and destroy the electrical signaling connection.

Once the AV node is destroyed, your doctor implants a pacemaker, unless you already have one. You will need the pacemaker for the rest of your life.

After

You'll be taken to a recovery area where care providers will closely monitor your condition. Depending on your condition, you may be allowed to go home the same day or you may spend a night in the hospital.

Results

After AV node ablation, your symptoms and quality of life will likely improve. You will need a permanent pacemaker to control your heart rate, and may need to take blood thinners to reduce your risk of a stroke.